1
Carlos Slim Helu & family $73 B 73 telecom Mexico
2
Bill Gates $67 B 57 Microsoft United States
3
Amancio Ortega $57 B 76 Zara Spain
4
Warren Buffett $53.5 B 82 Berkshire Hathaway United States
5
Larry Ellison $43 B 68 Oracle United States
6
Charles Koch $34 B 77 diversified United States
6
David Koch $34 B 72 diversified United States
8
Li Ka-shing $31 B 84 diversified Hong Kong
9
Liliane Bettencourt & family $30 B 90 L'Oreal France
10
Bernard Arnault & family $29 B 64 LVMH France
11
Christy Walton & family $28.2 B 58 Wal-Mart United States
12
Stefan Persson $28 B 65 H&M Sweden
13
Michael Bloomberg $27 B 71 Bloomberg LP United States
14
Jim Walton $26.7 B 65 Wal-Mart United States
15
Sheldon Adelson $26.5 B 79 casinos United States
16
Alice Walton $26.3 B 63 Wal-Mart United States
17
S. Robson Walton $26.1 B 69 Wal-Mart United States
18
Karl Albrecht $26 B 93 Aldi Germany
19
Jeff Bezos $25.2 B 49 Amazon.com United States
20
Larry Page $23 B 39 Google United States
21
Sergey Brin $22.8 B 39 Google United States
22
Mukesh Ambani $21.5 B 55 petrochemicals, oil & gas India
23
Michele Ferrero & family $20.4 B 87 chocolates Italy
24
Lee Shau Kee $20.3 B 85 diversified Hong Kong
24
David Thomson & family $20.3 B 55 media Canada
26
Prince Alwaleed Bin Talal Alsaud $20 B 57 investments Saudi Arabia
26
Carl Icahn $20 B 77 leveraged buyouts United States
26
Thomas & Raymond Kwok & family $20 B - real estate Hong Kong
29
Dieter Schwarz $19.5 B 73 retail Germany
30
George Soros $19.2 B 82 hedge funds United States
31
Theo Albrecht, Jr. & family $18.9 B 62 Aldi, Trader Joe's Germany
32
Alberto Bailleres Gonzalez & family $18.2 B 81 mining Mexico
33
Jorge Paulo Lemann $17.8 B 73 beer Brazil
34
Alisher Usmanov $17.6 B 59 steel, telecom, investments Russia
35
Iris Fontbona & family $17.4 B 70 mining Chile
36
Forrest Mars, Jr. $17 B 81 candy United States
36
Jacqueline Mars $17 B 73 candy United States
36
John Mars $17 B 76 candy United States
36
Georgina Rinehart $17 B 59 mining Australia
40
German Larrea Mota Velasco & family $16.7 B 59 mining Mexico
41
Mikhail Fridman $16.5 B 48 oil, banking, telecom Russia
41
Lakshmi Mittal $16.5 B 62 steel India
43
Aliko Dangote $16.1 B 55 cement, sugar, flour Nigeria
44
Len Blavatnik $16 B 55 diversified United States
44
Cheng Yu-tung $16 B 87 diversified Hong Kong
46
Joseph Safra $15.9 B 74 banking Brazil
47
Rinat Akhmetov $15.4 B 46 steel, coal Ukraine
47
Leonid Mikhelson $15.4 B 57 gas, chemicals Russia
49
Leonardo Del Vecchio $15.3 B 77 eyeglasses Italy
49
Michael Dell $15.3 B 48 Dell United States
51
Steve Ballmer $15.2 B 56 Microsoft United States
52
Viktor Vekselberg $15.1 B 55 oil, metals Russia
53
Paul Allen $15 B 60 Microsoft, investments United States
53
Francois Pinault & family $15 B 76 retail France
55
Vagit Alekperov $14.8 B 62 Lukoil Russia
56
Phil Knight $14.4 B 75 Nike United States
56
Andrey Melnichenko $14.4 B 40 coal, fertilizers Russia
58
Dhanin Chearavanont & family $14.3 B 73 food Thailand
58
Susanne Klatten $14.3 B 50 BMW, pharmaceuticals Germany
58
Vladimir Potanin $14.3 B 52 metals Russia
61
Michael Otto & family $14.2 B 69 retail, real estate Germany
62
Vladimir Lisin $14.1 B 56 steel, transport Russia
62
Gennady Timchenko $14.1 B 60 oil & gas Russia
64
Luis Carlos Sarmiento $13.9 B 80 banking Colombia
65
Mohammed Al Amoudi $13.5 B 68 oil, diversified Saudi Arabia
66
Tadashi Yanai & family $13.3 B 64 retail Japan
66
Mark Zuckerberg $13.3 B 28 Facebook United States
68
Henry Sy & family $13.2 B 88 diversified Philippines
69
Donald Bren $13 B 80 real estate United States
69
Serge Dassault & family $13 B 87 aviation France
69
Lee Kun-Hee $13 B 71 Samsung South Korea
69
Mikhail Prokhorov $13 B 47 investments Russia
73
Alexey Mordashov $12.8 B 47 steel, investments Russia
74
Antonio Ermirio de Moraes & family $12.7 B 84 diversified Brazil
74
Abigail Johnson $12.7 B 51 money management United States
76
Ray Dalio $12.5 B 63 hedge funds United States
76
Robert Kuok $12.5 B 89 diversified Malaysia
78
Miuccia Prada $12.4 B 63 Prada Italy
79
Ronald Perelman $12.2 B 70 leveraged buyouts United States
80
Anne Cox Chambers $12 B 93 media United States
81
Stefan Quandt $11.9 B 46 BMW Germany
82
Ananda Krishnan $11.7 B 74 telecoms Malaysia
82
Alejandro Santo Domingo Davila $11.7 B 36 beer Colombia
82
James Simons $11.7 B 74 hedge funds United States
82
Charoen Sirivadhanabhakdi $11.7 B 68 drinks Thailand
86
Zong Qinghou $11.6 B 67 beverages China
87
Dirce Navarro De Camargo & family $11.5 B - construction Brazil
87
John Fredriksen $11.5 B 68 shipping Cyprus
89
Gerald Cavendish Grosvenor & family $11.4 B 61 real estate United Kingdom
90
Harold Hamm $11.3 B 67 oil & gas United States
91
Rupert Murdoch $11.2 B 81 News Corp United States
91
John Paulson $11.2 B 57 hedge funds United States
91
Azim Premji $11.2 B 67 software India
94
Ernesto Bertarelli & family $11 B 47 biotech, investments Switzerland
94
Charlene de Carvalho-Heineken $11 B 58 Heineken Netherlands
94
Hans Rausing $11 B 86 packaging Sweden
94
Jack Taylor & family $11 B 90 Enterprise Rent-A-Car United States
98
Lui Che Woo $10.7 B 83 gaming Hong Kong
98
Laurene Powell Jobs & family $10.7 B 49 Apple, Disney United States
100
Eike Batista $10.6 B 56 mining, oil Brazil
Showing posts with label A Millionire. Show all posts
Showing posts with label A Millionire. Show all posts
Wednesday, March 6, 2013
Friday, June 19, 2009
Money by Wikipedia
Money is anything that is generally accepted as payment for goods and services and repayment of debts. The main functions of money are as a medium of exchange, a unit of account, and a store of value. In the past, money was almost always commodity money, money with intrinsic value from the commodity of which it is made (eg. gold and silver coins, shells, tobacco leaves, grain). However, modern monetary systems are based on fiat money – money without intrinsic value, but declared by a government to be legal tender, that is, it must be accepted as a form of payment for 'all debts, public and private'. The term "price system" is sometimes used to refer to methods using commodity valuation or money accounting systems.
The money supply of a country is usually held to consist of currency (banknotes and coins) and 'deposit money' (the balance held in checking accounts and savings accounts). These demand deposits usually account for a much larger part of the money supply than currency. Deposit money is intangible and exists only in the form of various bank records. Despite being intangible, deposit money still performs the basic functions of money, as checks are generally accepted as a form of payment and as a means of transferring ownership of deposit money.
Money is generally considered to have the following functions, which are summed up in a rhyme found in older economics textbooks: "Money is a matter of functions four, a medium, a measure, a standard, a store." That is, money functions as a medium of exchange, a unit of account, a Standard of deferred payment, and a store of value. However, most modern textbooks now list only three functions, that of medium of exchange, unit of account, and store of value.
There have been many historical disputes regarding the combination of money's functions, some arguing that they need more separation and that a single unit is insufficient to deal with them all. One of these arguments is that the role of money as a medium of exchange is in conflict with its role as a store of value: its role as a store of value requires holding it without spending, whereas its role as a medium of exchange requires it to circulate. Others argue that storing of value is just deferral of the exchange, but does not diminish the fact that money is a medium of exchange that can be transported both across space and time. The term 'financial capital' is a more general and inclusive term for all liquid instruments, whether or not they are a uniformly recognized tender.
Medium of exchange
Main article: Medium of exchange
When money is used to intermediate the exchange of goods and services, it is performing a function as a medium of exchange. It thereby avoids the inefficiencies of a barter system, such as the 'double coincidence of wants' problem.
Unit of account
Main article: Unit of account
A unit of account is a standard numerical unit of measurement of the market value of goods, services, and other transactions. Also known as a "measure" or "standard" of relative worth and deferred payment, a unit of account is a necessary prerequisite for the formulation of commercial agreements that involve debt. To function as a 'unit of account', whatever is being used as money must be:
Divisible into smaller units without loss of value; precious metals can be coined from bars, or melted down into bars again.
Fungible: that is, one unit or piece must be perceived as equivalent to any other, which is why diamonds, works of art or real estate are not suitable as money.
A specific weight, or measure, or size to be verifiably countable. For instance, coins are often made with ridges around the edges, so that any removal of material from the coin (lowering its commodity value) will be easy to detect.
Store of value
Main article: Store of value
To act as a store of value, a commodity, a form of money, or financial capital must be able to be reliably saved, stored, and retrieved — and be predictably useful when it is so retrieved. Fiat currency like paper or electronic money no longer backed by gold in most countries is not considered by some economists to be a store of value.
The money supply of a country is usually held to consist of currency (banknotes and coins) and 'deposit money' (the balance held in checking accounts and savings accounts). These demand deposits usually account for a much larger part of the money supply than currency. Deposit money is intangible and exists only in the form of various bank records. Despite being intangible, deposit money still performs the basic functions of money, as checks are generally accepted as a form of payment and as a means of transferring ownership of deposit money.
Money is generally considered to have the following functions, which are summed up in a rhyme found in older economics textbooks: "Money is a matter of functions four, a medium, a measure, a standard, a store." That is, money functions as a medium of exchange, a unit of account, a Standard of deferred payment, and a store of value. However, most modern textbooks now list only three functions, that of medium of exchange, unit of account, and store of value.
There have been many historical disputes regarding the combination of money's functions, some arguing that they need more separation and that a single unit is insufficient to deal with them all. One of these arguments is that the role of money as a medium of exchange is in conflict with its role as a store of value: its role as a store of value requires holding it without spending, whereas its role as a medium of exchange requires it to circulate. Others argue that storing of value is just deferral of the exchange, but does not diminish the fact that money is a medium of exchange that can be transported both across space and time. The term 'financial capital' is a more general and inclusive term for all liquid instruments, whether or not they are a uniformly recognized tender.
Medium of exchange
Main article: Medium of exchange
When money is used to intermediate the exchange of goods and services, it is performing a function as a medium of exchange. It thereby avoids the inefficiencies of a barter system, such as the 'double coincidence of wants' problem.
Unit of account
Main article: Unit of account
A unit of account is a standard numerical unit of measurement of the market value of goods, services, and other transactions. Also known as a "measure" or "standard" of relative worth and deferred payment, a unit of account is a necessary prerequisite for the formulation of commercial agreements that involve debt. To function as a 'unit of account', whatever is being used as money must be:
Divisible into smaller units without loss of value; precious metals can be coined from bars, or melted down into bars again.
Fungible: that is, one unit or piece must be perceived as equivalent to any other, which is why diamonds, works of art or real estate are not suitable as money.
A specific weight, or measure, or size to be verifiably countable. For instance, coins are often made with ridges around the edges, so that any removal of material from the coin (lowering its commodity value) will be easy to detect.
Store of value
Main article: Store of value
To act as a store of value, a commodity, a form of money, or financial capital must be able to be reliably saved, stored, and retrieved — and be predictably useful when it is so retrieved. Fiat currency like paper or electronic money no longer backed by gold in most countries is not considered by some economists to be a store of value.
Wednesday, May 27, 2009
A millionaire Terminology
The word was first used (as millionnaire, double "n") in French in 1719 by John Law, and is first recorded in English (millionaire, as a French term) in a letter of Lord Byron of 1816, then in print in Vivian Grey, a novel of 1826 by Benjamin Disraeli.[3] An earlier English word "millionary" was used in 1786 by Thomas Jefferson while serving as Minister to France; he wrote: "The poorest labourer stood on equal ground with the wealthiest Millionary".[4] The first American printed use of the word is thought to be in an obituary of New York tobacco manufacturer Pierre Lorillard II in 1843.[5]
The increasing prevalence of people with more and more money has given rise to additional terms to further differentiate millionaires. A multimillionaire has a net worth of more than 2 million units of currency, a decamillionaire has a net worth of more than 10 million units of currency, and a hectomillionaire has a net worth of more than 100 million units of currency. The term centimillionaire has become synonymous with hectomillionaire in America, despite the centi- prefix meaning 1/100, not 100, in the metric system.
While statistics regarding financial assets and net worth are presented by household, the term is also often used to describe only the individual who has amassed the assets as millionaire. That is, even though the term statistically refers only to households, common usage is often in reference only to an individual.
The increasing prevalence of people with more and more money has given rise to additional terms to further differentiate millionaires. A multimillionaire has a net worth of more than 2 million units of currency, a decamillionaire has a net worth of more than 10 million units of currency, and a hectomillionaire has a net worth of more than 100 million units of currency. The term centimillionaire has become synonymous with hectomillionaire in America, despite the centi- prefix meaning 1/100, not 100, in the metric system.
While statistics regarding financial assets and net worth are presented by household, the term is also often used to describe only the individual who has amassed the assets as millionaire. That is, even though the term statistically refers only to households, common usage is often in reference only to an individual.
A millionaire by Wikipedia
A millionaire (originally and sometimes still millionnaire[1]) is an individual whose net worth or wealth exceeds one million units of currency. It can also be a person who owns one million units of currency in a bank account or savings account. Depending on the currency, a certain level of prestige is associated with being a millionaire, which makes that amount of wealth a goal for some, and almost unattainable for others.[2]
The increasing number of millionaires is partially due to prevailing economics: Increasingly, the term denotes more and more to the status of high wealth. American sociologist Leonard Beeghley classifies all households with net worth exceeding USD$1 million as "The Rich." Currently, there are over 10 million residents around the globe classified as U.S. dollar millionaires.
The increasing number of millionaires is partially due to prevailing economics: Increasingly, the term denotes more and more to the status of high wealth. American sociologist Leonard Beeghley classifies all households with net worth exceeding USD$1 million as "The Rich." Currently, there are over 10 million residents around the globe classified as U.S. dollar millionaires.
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